Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate tissue. Today it is the most common urological disease, which primarily affects sexually active men. According to various data, the prevalence of chronic prostatitis in the group of patients aged 20 to 40 years ranges from 20 to 35%. In addition, this diagnosis is increasingly found in older people in combination with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Lack of timely effective treatment leads to complications such as erectile dysfunction and infertility.
Types of prostatitis
The classification used today is based on the classification of all types of prostatitis depending on the presence of an infectious agent, leukocytes in the prostatic secretion, as well as clinical manifestations. According to it, there are 4 categories of prostatitis, each of which has certain symptoms:
| Category of prostatitis | Sign | frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Acute bacterial | 1. Frequent urination, burning. 2. Difficulty urinating with pain. 3. Pain on palpation in the lower abdomen. 4. Pain when palpating the prostate. 5. Lots of leukocytes, bacteria and mucus in the urine. 6. High temperature, malaise. |
up to 5% |
| Chronic bacteria | The signs are the same as in acute bacterial infections, but less pronounced and without systemic manifestations and purulent contents in the urine. There may also be blood in the semen, pain in the perineum and testicles, and a large number of leukocytes in the semen and prostatic secretion. | 5-10% |
| Chronic non-bacterial (inflammatory, non-inflammatory) | The signs are the same as the previous categories, but no microorganisms are detected in prostatic secretions, urine or semen. And in a non-inflammatory variant, there may not be an increase in the concentration of leukocytes in prostatic secretions, semen and urine. | 80-90% |
| Asymptomatic inflammation | There are no clinical manifestations. An inflammatory process is observed in urine, semen and prostatic secretion. | Unknown |
Signs and symptoms of prostatitis
Signs of prostatitis can occur laboratory and clinically. In the first case, characteristic changes are detected during the general analysis of blood, urine and prostatic secretion. Clinical symptoms refer to the symptoms that accompany this disease.
These include:
- Increased body temperature.
- Pain in the perineum or lower abdomen.
- Frequent urination.
- Presence of blood in urine or ejaculate.
- Painful urination.
Depending on the type of prostatitis, the severity of symptoms may vary. In acute forms, men suddenly experience the first signs of prostatitis, which becomes the reason for a visit to the doctor. Chronic prostatitis, on the other hand, is asymptomatic and only becomes noticeable in phases of exacerbation. The first signs of exacerbation of chronic prostatitis are aching pain in the perineal area and urinary disorders in the form of a sluggish stream of urine and the inability to urinate even with strong desire. Without timely treatment, the disease leads to the development of complications manifested by erectile dysfunction, ejaculation disorders and infertility.
diagnosis
In the case of chronic prostatitis, the symptoms of the disease can be very different. Four main syndromes most often occur in patients:
- Painful. As a rule, pain is complained about in the lower abdomen, perineum, sacrum and genital area. It can occur both at rest and during exercise.
- Dysuric. Patients notice frequent or difficult urination, dilution or sluggishness of the stream, a sudden urge to urinate, and incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Sexually. Characterized by erectile dysfunction. Some scientists attribute this to a pathologically high excitability of the nerve endings of the prostate, caused by persistent inflammation.
- Reproduction. There is not only a violation of sperm formation, but also a decrease in the volume of ejaculate and a change in the composition of prostate secretion.
According to some authors, reproductive and sexual syndromes have become more and more common in recent years.
In addition to subjective complaints, the digital rectal examination of the prostate is important. It is important to assess the shape, condition of the edges, consistency, condition of the seminal vesicles, as well as the presence of pain.
Laboratory tests for prostatitis may include:
- General blood and urine test.
- Microscopy of prostate secretion or urine.
- Bacteriological examination of urine or prostate secretion.
- PCR test for sexually transmitted infections.
- Uroflowmetry and residual urine determination.
Laboratory data can be accompanied by instrumental examinations, including ultrasound, CT, MRI, etc.
How to treat signs of prostatitis
Symptom management is only one area of treatment. The aim is also to restore normal prostate function and prevent complications.
For bacterial forms of prostatitis, the treatment plan includes antibacterial drugs that eliminate the pathogen. In this case, it is possible to influence the immediate cause of the inflammation. The treatment program is always selected individually after a comprehensive examination and a final diagnosis.
One of the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of chronic abacterial prostatitis is prostate extract, which has an organotropic effect on the prostate.
Prostate extract helps reduce swelling, reduce inflammation and improve secretory function, thereby increasing the tone of the bladder muscles. The drug also helps to improve microcirculation in the tissues of the prostate, reduce the risk of thrombosis of small vessels, relieve pain, restore urination and normalize sexual function.
Atfirst stageFor treatment, prostate extract is prescribed in the form of suppositories and e. gsecond floorTablets are used for therapy. There are alsoimproved shapea drug that contains twice as much active ingredient compared to classic suppositories. Due to this diversity, the doctor can prescribe treatment individually for each patient.